The IRS Employee Plans division on Friday, April 19, released an updated version of its comprehensive retirement plan correction protocol. Although touted as a “limited update” to the Employee Plan Compliance Resolution System, or EPCRS, the changes contained in this new Revenue Procedure 2019-19 nonetheless offer substantial savings opportunities for certain employer sponsors of 401(k), 403(b), and profit-sharing plans, and employee stock ownership plans (ESOPs).
The update is effective immediately, and is notable for being the second change in the EPCRS rules to take effect in April 2019. Under a previously-issued update to the program, a new online-only submission requirement took effect on April 1, 2019. As of that date, plan sponsors are no longer permitted to submit EPCRS correction applications or payments by mail.
Bottom Line
The effect of the April 19 update is to expand the circumstances under which a plan sponsor is permitted to correct a self-identified error under the self-correction program (SCP), rather than having to submit a formal application, and accompanying fee, to the IRS.
This expansion of the opportunities for self-correction is a welcome opportunity for plan sponsors who become aware of certain plan compliance failures involving the language of the plan document as well as particular types of errors in the operation of participant loan programs. Correction of the specified errors may now be made on a less formal basis. Provided that the proper correction protocol is followed and documented, a correction can now be completed without having to pay the usual IRS submission fee, which ranges from $1,500 to $3,500.
EPCRS Background
The purpose of the IRS EPCRS program, generally, is to provide a system of correction programs and procedures for sponsors of tax-qualified retirement plans that have fallen outside of the qualification requirements either because of errors in the language of the plan document or because of mistakes in how the plan is operated. The EPCRS correction program permits plan sponsors to correct these errors and thereby to continue to offer retirement benefits to their employees on a tax-favored basis.
Depending on the nature and severity of a retirement plan compliance error, three different EPCRS programs exist, each with slightly different rules:
- SCP. For the least significant errors, the Self Correction Program (SCP) permits a plan sponsor to self-correct the error without paying any fee or sanction and without submitting any documentation to the IRS. Even though no documents are submitted to the IRS under the SCP program, it is important that the proper self-correction protocols described by the IRS are followed. An improper or undocumented self-correction provides no future IRS audit protection. A proper retirement plan self-correction, however, will protect a plan sponsor from future fees or penalties related to the properly-corrected error.
- VCP. For more significant compliance failures, or for failures not corrected within a specified time period, the only way to receive approval of a correction is to participate in the Voluntary Compliance Program (VCP). This program requires that a description of the error, and of its correction, be submitted to the IRS for formal approval. To use this program, a plan sponsor must pay a fee to the IRS. Under the recently-amended fee structure, the amount of the fee depends solely on the amount of plan assets and ranges from $1,500 (for plans with less than $500,000 in assets) to $3,500 (for plans with more than $10,000,000 in assets).
- Audit CAP. If it is the IRS, rather than the plan sponsor, who identifies a compliance error, then the only permitted correction program is the more expensive Audit CAP program. Errors can be corrected under Audit CAP if the IRS identifies an error during an audit. Under Audit CAP, the penalties imposed in order to retain the retirement plan’s tax-qualification will be larger than under the VCP program, and will vary, based upon the nature and extent of the compliance error, the severity of the error.
Potential Opportunity to Make Key Corrections at a Lower Cost
The Treasury Department and IRS expect to continue to update the EPCRS program, in whole or in part, from time to time. Given the ever-changing and highly fact-specific nature of the IRS correction program, the severely adverse threat of plan tax-disqualification, and the need to determine the most effective correction strategy, plan sponsors who suspect or know that a retirement plan has a compliance error are advised to work confidentially with legal counsel specifically experienced in this area of practice. Because an error cannot be corrected under either the SCP or VCP programs after an IRS audit has begun, it is always best to respond to a compliance error quickly and proactively.
Now that the opportunities for self-correction have been expanded, there is no time like the present for plan sponsors to review their tax-qualified plan documentation and operations. Because more types of compliance errors can now be self-corrected, the cost of bringing an employer-sponsored retirement plan back into good standing may now be reduced.
